Diagnostic radiology physics handbook for teachers and students

The application of physical principles to reveal internal structures of the body Sparked the imagination of the medical profession in the late 19th century and rapidly became the foundation of the practice of diagnostic radiology. The efforts of physical scientists have continued to fuel innovation in medical imaging through a progression of technologies, including the specialization of X ray imaging devices for examination of the breast, blood vessels, moving vessels, teeth and bone density. The use of high frequency sound waves has allowed the instantaneous imaging of soft tissues without the dangers associated with ionizing radiation. The use of mathematical image reconstruction has allowed the visualization of sections of the body, free from the confusion caused by overlying tissue as seen in the computed tomography scanner and the magnetic resonance imager, while the developments in computers have allowed the electronic capture, processing and transfer of medical images. As was quickly discovered with the application of X rays for medical imaging, the use of radiation on living tissue is not without risk of biological injury. The measurement of radiation, its interaction with matter and its biological effects have led to the studies of radiation dosimetry, radiation biology and epidemiology. These studies are becoming more important in modern radiological imaging as the number, length and complexity of X ray procedures received by the population continues to increase rapidly. It is in this complex environment that the medical physicist, along with radiologists and radiographers, plays a significant role in the multidisciplinary team needed for medical diagnosis. Medical physicists need to be able to advise on the principles and practice of imaging equipment and assist in purchase processes and quality assurance. They are required to measure the radiation dose received by staff and, most importantly, by the patients undergoing diagnostic examinations. They should be able to advise on the optimal image quality needed for the diagnostic process and to be able to contribute to scientific research. They are also well equipped to assume responsibility for the safe use of radiation at a medical facility. This book is dedicated to students and teachers involved in programmes that train professionals for work in diagnostic radiology. It teaches the essential physics of diagnostic radiology and its application in modern medicine. As such, it is useful to graduate students in medical physics programmes, residents in diagnostic radiology and advanced students in radiographic technology programmes. The level of understanding of the material covered will, of course, be different for the various student groups; however, the basic language and knowledge for all student groups is the same. The text is also a key reference for medical physics residents undergoing a clinical training programme, as well as those candidates preparing for professional certification examinations. The text is written to support a set of courses whose content provides the necessary diagnostic and interventional radiological physics knowledge for all of modern diagnostic radiology. While the text is mainly aimed at diagnostic radiology professionals, certain parts may also be of interest to professionals in other branches of medicine that use ionizing radiation for the treatment of disease (radiation therapy and nuclear medicine). The contents are also useful for physicists who are involved in studies of radiation hazards and radiation protection (health physics). This book represents a collaborative effort by professionals from many different countries, who share a common goal of disseminating their diagnostic radiology physics knowledge and experience to a broad international audience of .

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