Ultrasound Management of the patient with cholangiocarcinoma
These patients have a poor prognosis, as the lesions usually present with jaundice due to invasion and obstruction of the duct. They spread to surrounding tissues, including the portal vein and lymph nodes, metastasize to the liver, and can be multifocal, particularly with PSC.
Staging of the disease is performed with CT or MRI. Endoscopic ultrasound can outline invasion into the biliary duct and laparoscopic ultrasound can pick up peritoneal or local spread.
Despite improvements in treatment, only a minority of patients survive beyond twelve months after the initial diagnosis.
Staging of the disease is performed with CT or MRI. Endoscopic ultrasound can outline invasion into the biliary duct and laparoscopic ultrasound can pick up peritoneal or local spread.
Metastases in the gallbladder wall (A) LS and (B) TS from advanced ovarian carcinoma Surgical resection of the tumour is becoming more successful in patients with single lesions. Palliation is frequently the only feasible option and the insertion of a stent, either percutaneously or endoscopically, to bypass the obstructing lesion and assist drainage of the liver will relieve the symptoms and often allows the patient to return home for some months.
Other treatment options, such as chemotherapy, have limited success, although transplantation is increasingly regarded as an option in some cases.Despite improvements in treatment, only a minority of patients survive beyond twelve months after the initial diagnosis.
I was diagnosed as HEPATITIS B carrier in 2013 with fibrosis of the
ReplyDeleteliver already present. I started on antiviral medications which
reduced the viral load initially. After a couple of years the virus
became resistant. I started on HEPATITIS B Herbal treatment from
ULTIMATE LIFE CLINIC (www.ultimatelifeclinic.com) in March, 2020. Their
treatment totally reversed the virus. I did another blood test after
the 6 months long treatment and tested negative to the virus. Amazing
treatment! This treatment is a breakthrough for all HBV carriers.