Postoperative complications renal transplanta
Ultrasound has an essential role in assessing the
transplant and makes a significant contribution
towards graft survival through the early recognition
of postoperative complications. Complications
are varied and include acute rejection, ureteric
obstruction, vascular occlusions, perirenal fluid
collections, renal dysfunction (of various aetiologies)
and infection. Drug toxicity from the
immunosuppressive therapy can also compromise
graft function. Finally, in the long term, the original
disease, for which transplantation was performed,
may recur.
Complications can be divided into three main
categories: immediate postoperative complications,
primary and secondary renal dysfunction.
● Immediate
—non-perfusion, normally the result of an
occluded or twisted renal artery; correction
is surgical
—haematoma
● Primary dysfunction
—non-perfusion (arterial occlusion), total or
lobar
—acute tubular necrosis
—renal vein thrombosis
—obstruction
—acute or accelerated acute rejection
● Secondary dysfunction
—acute rejection
—ciclosporin nephrotoxicity
—acute tubular necrosis
—obstruction
—RAS
—postbiopsy fistula
—infection
—chronic rejection.
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