ENLARGEMENT OF THE GALLBLADDER
Because of the enormous variation in size and shape of the normal gallbladder, it is not possible to diagnose pathological enlargement by simply using measurements. Three-dimensional techniques may prove useful in assessing gallbladder volume6 but this is a technique which is only likely to be clinically useful in a minority of patients with impaired gallbladder emptying. An enlarged gallbladder is frequently referred to as hydropic. It may be due to obstruction of the cystic duct (see below) or associated with numerous disease processes such as diabetes, primary sclerosing cholangitis, leptospirosis or in response to some types of drug. A pathologically dilated gallbladder, as opposed to one which is physiologically dilated, usually assumes a more rounded, tense appearance.
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