Viral Hepatitis
Acute Hepatitis
The various forms of viral hepatitis induced by different viruses have a similar morphology. Macroscopically, there is hepatomegaly with an edematous capsule, and distinct necrotic areas which lead to surface irregularities. In fulminant hepatitis, necrosis results in liver shrinkage and a relevant loss of parenchymal volume, however, there might be complete restitution. If necrosis occurs there may be scar formation, which is morphologically similar to that in cirrhosis. Cirrhosis typically develops in cases of chronic hepatitis.
Chronic Hepatitis
An inflammatory process which lasts longer than six months without signs of regression is referred to as chronic hepatitis.Histologically, chronic hepatitis
is a necro-inflammatory,primarily hepatocytic disease with or without cirrhosis, in which lymphocytes clearly dominate the inflammation.There is a gradation regarding the degree of inflammation, its localization and the subsequent fibrosis.
Macroscopically, an enlarged liver can be demonstrated in the acute phase caused by edematization. Ascites and splenomegaly are signs of a more fulminant course. The main etiological categories for chronic hepatitis in addition to virus infection.
Etiological categories of chronic hepatitis
• Viral (HBV, HDV, HCV)
• Autoimmune (classic lupoid-type and subtypes)
• Autoimmune overlap syndromes
• Drug induced (e.g. nitrofurantoin, α-methyldopa,
isoniazid and others)
• Cryptogenic
Liver Disease in Congestive Heart Disease
Chronic failure of the right heart leads to an enlarged liver via congestion. Diffuse cell necrosis may develop due to the decreased blood flow, increased blood pressure and resulting hypoxemia.
Macroscopic aspect of cardiac liver cirrhosis based on
congestive heart disease, leading to increased intrahepatic blood
pressure and reduced flow with subsequent cirrhosis
Cell necrosis thereafter induces a fibrosis which resembles micronodular cirrhosis.However, in contrast to other forms of cirrhosis, the microscopic
architecture remains intact.
I was diagnosed as HEPATITIS B carrier in 2013 with fibrosis of the
ReplyDeleteliver already present. I started on antiviral medications which
reduced the viral load initially. After a couple of years the virus
became resistant. I started on HEPATITIS B Herbal treatment from
ULTIMATE LIFE CLINIC (www.ultimatelifeclinic.com) in March, 2020. Their
treatment totally reversed the virus. I did another blood test after
the 6 months long treatment and tested negative to the virus. Amazing
treatment! This treatment is a breakthrough for all HBV carriers.